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How to become a cnc machinist
To become a CNC master (metal cutting), it takes at least 6 years after graduation from university and entering the factory. He needs not only the theoretical level of an engineer, but also the practical experience and hands-on ability of a senior technician. The first step: must be an excellent craRead more
To become a CNC master (metal cutting), it takes at least 6 years after graduation from university and entering the factory. He needs not only the theoretical level of an engineer, but also the practical experience and hands-on ability of a senior technician.
The first step: must be an excellent craftsman.
CNC machine tools integrate drilling, milling, boring, reaming, tapping and other processes. The technical literacy requirements of the craftsman are very high. Numerical control program is to use computer language to embody the process of processing technology. Craft is the basis of programming. If you don’t understand the craftsmanship, you can never say that you know how to program.
In fact, when we choose the profession of mechanical cutting, it means that the early career is difficult and rough. The basic knowledge learned in the university is pitiful to meet the needs of the factory. Machining engineers are, to some extent, experienced engineers. Therefore, a lot of time must be spent with the workers, dry lathes, milling machines, grinders, machining centers, etc.; then in the office to compile craftsmanship, estimate material consumption, and calculate quotas. You must be familiar with the performance of various machine tools and the skill level of the workshop masters. In this way, after 2-3 years of practice, you can basically become a qualified craftsman. From my personal experience, I suggest that young college students who have just started to work must learn from the master workers with an humility. Once they can pass on decades of experience to you, you can avoid many detours. Because these experiences cannot be learned from books, the choice of technology is a comprehensive consideration of equipment capabilities and personnel technical capabilities. Without the support and trust of employees, it is impossible to become an excellent craftsman. Through such a long time of study and accumulation, you should meet the following technical standards and requirements:
Step 2: Proficient in the application of CNC programming and computer software.
I think this is easier. There are only dozens of programming instructions, and various systems are similar. It usually takes 1-2 months to be very familiar. The automatic programming software is a little more complicated, and you need to learn how to model. But for people with good cad foundation, it is not difficult. In addition, if it is manual programming, the foundation of analytical geometry is also good! Scholars are most adaptable to the learning of this knowledge. In practice, the criteria for a good procedure are:
Step 3: Be able to operate CNC machine tools proficiently.
This requires 1-2 years of learning, and the operation is very handy. Beginners, especially college students, know how to do it in their hearts, but they just don’t listen. In this process, you must learn: system operation mode, fixture installation, part datum alignment, tool setting, zero offset setting, tool length compensation setting, radius compensation, loading and unloading of the tool and tool holder, and the cutting edge of the tool Measurement of grinding and parts
Table) and so on. The ones that best reflect the level of operation are: horizontal machining centers and large gantry (moving beams, top beams) machining centers.
The practice of operation requires savvy! Sometimes there is an artistic conception of “a leisurely heart, but a good point is difficult to talk to you”!
In the CNC workshop, you should calm down and practice hard!
Generally speaking, the process from the processing of the first part to the qualified machining accuracy requires the CNC programmer to personally
carry out. You can’t operate the machine proficiently, you can’t pass this level.
The fourth step: Must have a good tooling and fixture foundation and measurement technology level.
I list the tooling fixture and measurement technology separately because it is as important as the accuracy of the machine tool for the quality of parts processing, and it is one of the signs that reflect the level of the craftsman. The entire process system: the accuracy of the machine tool is guaranteed by the machine tool manufacturer, and the tools and cutting parameters are provided by the tool vendor. Generally speaking, there are no big problems. Only the tooling and fixture are specially designed by the technicians for specific parts. Most of the parts on CNC machine tools are
There is a certain degree of difficulty, so there are often unpredictable problems. I have been engaged in CNC machine tool user parts cutting and debugging for more than 10 years, and I have never encountered a fixture that does not need to be rectified.
During commissioning, the first part was unqualified, and more than half of the reasons were caused by the unreasonable positioning of the fixture, the clamping pressure point, and the unreasonable clamping force. The difficulty in analyzing the cause of the fixture is that it can only be qualitative but difficult to quantify. If there is no experience in fixture design and part clamping, the difficulty will be great. In this study, it is recommended to consult the senior technicians who are doing precision jig boring machines. One of the basic skills of machining to accurately measure the level is to be able to use vernier calipers, micrometers, dial indicators, dial indicators, inner diameter lever meters, calipers, etc. proficiently. Sometimes parts processing, three-coordinate measuring machine can not be counted on. Must be measured manually. Imagine that the quantity of parts is not accurate. Which leader or worker will trust you?
It can take a long time to practice measurement techniques!
The fifth step is familiar with CNC machine tools. Proficient in the maintenance of CNC machine tools.
The so-called familiarity with CNC machine tools should:
For the above items, if you don’t have more than 3 years of exercise, I am afraid it is difficult to meet the requirements. And many companies do not yet have the conditions to learn. It is recommended to consult the master of the equipment maintenance department.
I won’t talk about the details of machine maintenance. Each company has its own experience and standards.
The main point of machine maintenance is to “raise”, and you should pay attention to it in normal times (long-term records should be made):
Abnormal, it means that the resistance of the movement pair or the transmission pair has changed, and it is necessary to stop the machine for inspection. Otherwise, over time, it will cause great damage to the machine tool;
Sixth, cultivate good habits and adapt to the characteristics of CNC machining.
(This one is my personal opinion. Whether it is reasonable or not, you can discuss it.)
The masters who are suitable for CNC machining should be humble, rigorous, calm, careful thinking, methodical and independent.
- 1. The processing of some large parts not only has a lot of processing content, but also has the conversion of space three-dimensional coordinates. The calculation of the processing trajectory is very complicated and difficult to determine. If the problem is not considered meticulously and comprehensively, and the calculation is not accurate, the program modification becomes more chaotic when debugging, and the probability of error is greater. “Think twice before acting” is the most appropriate here.
- 2. The part debugging process is a process of multi-person cooperation, including operators, inspectors, fixture design, fixture assembly personnel, etc. When problems arise, you should consult them more, do more experiments, and avoid making arbitrary conclusions. Don’t blame too much on employees who make mistakes, and have a “compassionate” mentality.
- 3. The work of the CNC machine tool is controlled by instructions. When debugging, you must be very clear about the track of the machine tool before pressing the “Start” button. Be rigorous and meticulous, and never let the machine tool move first. Once the program is wrong or the compensation parameters are incorrect, or the wrong coordinate system is selected. From scrapped parts, to serious accidents. Those who are grumpy, clueless, and do not change after repeated instruction are not suitable for the operation of CNC machine tools.
- 4. When there is a problem during debugging and processing, please calm down and never panic, and then misoperation occurs. The psychological quality is better.
- 5. When the parts are unqualified for many times during debugging, the analysis must be organized, and the responsibility must be based on basis. Some relevant departments will give various explanations for various reasons. At this time, you must have your own opinion and remember: it does not matter if you do one thing wrong, but you cannot choose the wrong way to do it.
- 6. A craftsperson always has limitations in technical ability due to environmental constraints. Coupled with the rapid development of technology, there is always room for improvement. When the internal technology of the factory has been digested, we must keep our eyes open and keep up with the advanced processing technology at home and abroad to learn and digest. Be a good adviser to the boss in terms of technology.
See lessLet me tell you a fact: It turns out that our company has more than a dozen user debugging and cutting technologists, all of whom are well-informed and experienced, but none of them has not broken the tool in any year.
what is edm machining
EDM is a machining process that uses a discharge electrode (EDM electrode) with a specific geometry to burn out the geometry of the electrode on a metal (conductive) part. The EDM process is often used in the production of blanking dies and casting molds. Introduction The method of sizing materialsRead more
EDM is a machining process that uses a discharge electrode (EDM electrode) with a specific geometry to burn out the geometry of the electrode on a metal (conductive) part. The EDM process is often used in the production of blanking dies and casting molds.
See lessIntroduction
The method of sizing materials by using the corrosion phenomenon generated during spark discharge is called EDM. EDM is the spark discharge in the liquid medium in the lower voltage range. EDM is mainly done by the machine factory. Electric spark is a kind of self-excited discharge, and its characteristics are as follows: The two electrodes of spark discharge have a higher voltage before discharge. When the two electrodes are close, after the medium between them is broken down, spark discharge occurs immediately. With the breakdown process, the resistance between the two electrodes decreases sharply, and the voltage between the two electrodes also decreases sharply. The spark channel must be extinguished in time after a short period of time (usually 10-7-10-3s) in order to maintain the “cold pole” characteristics of spark discharge (that is, the heat energy converted by the channel energy cannot be transmitted to the depth of the electrode). The channel energy acts on a very small area. The effect of the channel energy can cause the electrode to be corroded locally.
Features
EDM belongs to non-contact processing
There is no direct contact between the tool electrode and the workpiece, but there is a spark discharge gap of 0.1-0.01mm, and the gap is filled with working fluid.
No macro cutting force during machining
During spark discharge, the average value of the local and instantaneous explosive force is very small, which is not enough to cause deformation and displacement of the workpiece.
Can “overcome strength with softness”
Since EDM directly uses electrical energy and heat to remove metal materials, it has little to do with the strength and hardness of the workpiece material, so Tingyi uses soft tool electrodes to process hard workpieces to achieve “softness overcoming rigidity”.
Can process any difficult-to-process metal materials and conductive materials
Since the removal of materials during processing is achieved by the electrical and thermal effects of discharge, the machinability of the materials mainly depends on the electrical conductivity and thermal characteristics of the material, such as melting point, boiling point, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, resistivity, etc., but almost It has nothing to do with its mechanical properties (hardness, strength, etc.). This can break through the limitations of traditional cutting tools, and can realize the processing of hard and tough workpieces with soft tools and even superhard materials such as polycrystalline diamond and cubic boron nitride. At present, the electrode materials are mostly red copper or graphite, so tool electrodes are easier to process.
Can process complex surfaces
Because the shape of the tool electrode can be simply copied to the workpiece, it is particularly suitable for processing workpieces with complex surface shapes, such as complex cavity mold processing. In particular, the adoption of numerical control technology has made it a reality to process complex-shaped parts with simple electrodes.
Can process parts with special requirements
It can process parts with special requirements such as thin-walled, elastic, low-rigidity, small holes, special-shaped small holes, and deep small holes. Since the tool electrode and the workpiece are not in direct contact during processing, and there is no cutting force for machining, it is suitable for processing low-rigidity workpieces and micro-processing.
Edit the processing summary of this paragraph
1. Processing Preparation
1. When all workpieces are processed, X¸Y is set at the reference angle. When the insert is processed separately, Z0 is generally placed on the bottom surface of the insert, and when it is processed in the mold base, Z0 is generally placed on the surface of the mold base, with a margin on the top. The CNC operator manually pushes the level before processing. 2. Electrode processing X¸Y should generally be centered on four sides, with Z0 at the bottom, and each electrode must be processed with a reference platform and a reference angle. After the electrode is processed, the corresponding electrode number must be marked immediately. 3. When roughing, try to choose a larger fly cutter to improve work efficiency, and choose an appropriate cutting depth. According to the requirements of the machine tool, it should generally be 0.6~1.0mm, and the step distance is generally 55~75%D, (D is the tool diameter) . 4. Before semi-finish milling, the corners should be fully cleaned to ensure uniform cutting margins, protect the tools and improve work efficiency.
two. Machining allowance and spark gap.
1. The allowance when the part is roughed should generally be no less than 0.5mm, and the semi-finishing allowance should be between 0.15-0.25mm. During finishing, the parting surface must be finely milled, and the material level surface must be uniform. , The rub-through position, the small touch-through position, leave a margin of 0.05~0.1mm. 2. Electrode spark position, rough work is generally 0.7~1.0mm, rough work is generally 0.3-0.5mm, and fine work is generally 0.1-0.15mm.
what is machining centre
Among the most common job titles you’ll see: Web Developer: A person whose primary responsibilities include the programming and development work involved in creating a working website. Though this is largely a technical role, a certain amount of business knowledge and communications skill is importaRead more
Among the most common job titles you’ll see:
Web Developer: A person whose primary responsibilities include the programming and development work involved in creating a working website. Though this is largely a technical role, a certain amount of business knowledge and communications skill is important to doing the job successfully. the average Web developer’s salary ranges from $36,000 to $80,000, depending where they live and how much experience they have. The median is about $54,000, but recruiters say demand for job candidates is pushing pay higher. Senior Web developers’ pay ranges from $52,000 to $107,000, says PayScale, and experience with technologies like C# and Java can result in even more money.
See lesswhat is die casting？
Precision die casting is an advanced precision metal part forming technology, specifically refers to the use of heat, force, molecular Movement and other means make the liquid or semi-liquid metal or metal alloy fill at a higher speed under the action of force The mold cavity is formed and solidifieRead more
Precision die casting is an advanced precision metal part forming technology, specifically refers to the use of heat, force, molecular
See lessMovement and other means make the liquid or semi-liquid metal or metal alloy fill at a higher speed under the action of force
The mold cavity is formed and solidified to obtain metal structural parts, and then through post-processing and CNC finishing, the final
Precision manufacturing technology that enables product size, shape and performance to meet target requirements.
In precision die casting, aluminum alloy materials are more fluid than other metal materials (such as brass, bronze, zinc, etc.).
Various excellent casting properties such as good mobility, low shrinkage, easy absorption, easy oxidation, etc., make it a precision press
The main selected materials for casting account for more than 80%.
Generally, the dimensional accuracy of precision die-casting products is within 5 wires (1 wire = 0.01 mm), and the surface of the product is rough.
The roughness (Ra) is within 1.6 microns, and the product shape tolerance is within 0.1 mm/300 mm;
The processing methods used mainly include precision casting, CNC cutting, abrasive belt grinding and polishing, precision polishing, EDM forming, EDM wire cutting, etc.;
Reprinted from: https://www.cncmachiningptj.com/die-casting
what is stamping
In industrial production, parts of various materials and shapes are needed, and the production of these parts requires stamping processing. Stamping processing is the production technology of using conventional or special stamping equipment to directly subject the sheet metal to deformation force anRead more
In industrial production, parts of various materials and shapes are needed, and the production of these parts requires stamping processing. Stamping processing is the production technology of using conventional or special stamping equipment to directly subject the sheet metal to deformation force and deformation in the mold, so as to obtain product parts with a certain shape, size and performance. Stamping processing can be divided into precision stamping and Ordinary stamping.
Precision stamping is a material processing method developed on the basis of ordinary stamping technology. It is achieved by improving the guiding accuracy, reducing the gap between the convex and concave dies, increasing the reverse pressure and the v-ring blank holder. Under the condition of the three-dimensional compressive stress state, the process of precision stamping or precision stamping and other forming processes can be realized to obtain precision stamping parts.
Precision stamping requires higher precision of stamping parts. In the process of processing and production, when stamping coils or forming, it is necessary to consider the appropriate technical matching of precision punches, molds, materials, lubricants, etc., which requires higher requirements.
Ordinary stamping does not require high precision of stamping parts, but it also has its specific market needs. The thickness of the substrate is thicker and does not require cutting, cutting, stretching and other processes. The stamping materials are plates, pipes, etc., and the product order is required. When it is not too big, ordinary stamping can meet the requirements.
In the production process of precision stamping parts, when stamping coils or forming, it is necessary to consider the appropriate technical matching of precision punches, molds, materials, lubricants, etc.
The other applies a 25% main punching pressure to the end surface of the product’s stripper, which is called back pressure. These three pressures do not interfere with each other, and the size of each pressure is synchronized with the forming, and must be suitable for processing requirements such as forming and blanking, and can be adjusted arbitrarily. In addition, the processing speed must also be adjusted according to the required conditions of the processing object for forming or punching. The structure of the mold is not only required to be simple and light, but also suitable for use.
When processing thick plates, for molds that are prone to deformation, there is no significant deformation due to the use of central support. Even when the workpiece is squeezed into the die during the blanking process, if the ejector retreats, the inside of the die is also supported by the center support. If a hydraulic piston is connected to the side of the ring gear pressing plate and the piston moves backward, the inner side of the die ring pressing plate is still supported by the central support, so the rigidity will not be destroyed at any time.
See lessThe difference between precision stamping and ordinary stamping lies in the requirements for stamping equipment and the accuracy of stamping parts required. If the precision of stamping parts is required to be high and the quantity of stamping parts is large, you can choose to use precision stamping. On the contrary, if the precision of stamping parts is not required to be high, and the stamping is made of ordinary sheet material, you can choose ordinary stamping. This needs to be based on your own The stamping features are selected.